Philippine Literature Essay

1. AWIT is a forge of Filipino poetry. Its literal translation into English is song, although in the context of poetry, it is closer to the narrative. Ang awit ay isang uri ng tulang pasalaysay na binubuo ng tig-aapat na taludtod ang bawat saknong, na ang bawat taludtod ay may lalabindalawahing pantig, at ang tradisyonal na dulong tugma ay isahan (aaaa, bbbb, cccc, at iba pa). Karaniwang paksa ng awit ang pakikipagsapalaran ng bayani, ngunit ang ibay tumatalakay din sa mga alamat at relihiyosong tula. Sa pag-aaral ng batikang mananaliksik Damiana L. Eugenio, ang awit ay walang ikinaiba sa korido, maliban lamang sa bilang ng pantig sa bawat taludtod. Ang awit, gaya ng korido, ay nagtataglay ng tatlong elemento. Una, ang pag-iibigan. Ikalawa, ang relihiyoso at pangangaral. At ikatlo, ang kahima-himala at kagila-gilalas2. PROPAGANDA is a form of communication aimed towards influencing the attitude of a population toward well-nigh cause or position. Propaganda is information that is no t impartial and used primarily to influence an audience and further an agenda, often by presenting facts selectively (thus possibly lying by omission) to encourage a item synthesis, or using loaded messages to produce an emotional rather than rational response to the information presented. Propaganda can be used as a form of ideological or commercial warf be.3. KKK KatipunanSamahng Katastaasan, Kagalanggalang Katipunan ng mg Anak ng Bayan FormationJuly 7, 1892ExtinctionMay 10, 1897PresidentDeodato Arellano (1892-1893)Roman Basa (1893-1895)Andrs Bonifacio (1895-1897)HeadquartersTondo, manilla Kawit, CaviteNewspaperKalayaan*The Katipunan (abbreviated to KKK) was a Philippine revolutionary fellowship founded by anti-Spanish Filipinos in Manila in 1892, whose primary aim was to gain independence from Spain through revolution. The society was initiated by Filipino patriots Andrs Bonifacio, Teodoro Plata, Ladislao Diwa, and former(a)s on the night of July 7, when Filipino writer Jos Ri zal was to be banished to Dapitan. Initially, the Katipunan was a secret organization until its discovery in 1896 that led to the volcanic eruption of the Philippine Revolution. The Tagalog word katipunan, literally means association, comes from the root word tipon, a Tagalog word meaning gather together or society.4 Its official revolutionary divulge was Samahang Kataastaasan, Kagalanggalang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan15 (English Supreme and Most Honorable Society of the Children of the Nation, Spanish Suprema y Venerable Asociacin de los Hijos del Pueblo). The Katipunan is also known by its acronym, KKK. The organization has no affiliation with the racist group known as the Ku Klux Klan who atomic number 18 also associated with the acronym KKK.Being a secret organization, its members were subjected to the ut virtually secrecy and were judge to abide with the rules established by the society.4 Aspirant applicants were given standard initiation rites to become members of the s ociety. At first, membership in the Katipunan was only open to male Filipinos later, women were poweritative in the society. The Katipunan had its own publication, Kalayaan (Liberty) that had its first and last print on March 1896. Revolutionary ideals and works flourished within the society, and Philippine literature were expanded by some of its prominent members.In planning the revolution, Bonifacio contacted Rizal for his full-fledged support for the Katipunan in exchange for a promise of rescuing Rizal from his detainment. On May 1896, a delegation was sent to the emperor of Japan to solicit funds and military arms. The Katipunans existence was revealed to the Spanish authorities after a member named Teodoro Patio confessed the Katipunans illegal activities to his sister, and lastly to the mother portress of Mandaluyong Orphanage. Seven days after the Spanish authorities learned of the existence of the secret society, on August 26, 1896, Bonifacio and his men tore their cdula s during the notorious Cry of Pugadlawin that started the Philippine Revolution4. KORIDO isang uri ng panitikang pilipino, isang uri ng tulang nakuha natin sa impluwensiya ng mga Espanyol. Ito ay may sukat na walong pantig bawat linya at may apat na linya sa isang saknong. Ang korido ay binibigkas sa pamamagitan ng pakantang pagpapahayag ng mga tula.5. PLAY is a form of literature written by a playwright, usually consisting of scripted dialogue between characters, intended for theatrical cognitive operation rather than just reading. Plays are performed at a variety of levels, from Broadway, Off-Broadway, regional theater, to Community theatre, as well a University or school productions. There are rare dramatists, notably George Bernard Shaw, who arrest had little preference whether their plays were performed or read. The term play can refer to both the written works of playwrights and to their complete theatrical performance.6. SHORT STORY is a brief work of literature, usually w ritten in narrative prose.1 Emerging from earlier oral fabricationtelling traditions in the 17th century, the short floor has grown to continue a body of work so diverse as to defy easy characterization. At its most prototypical the short story features a low-pitched cast of named characters, and focuses on a self-contained incident with the intent of evoking a single effect or mood.2 In doing so, short stories make use of plot, resonance, and other dynamic components to a far greater degree than is typical of an anecdote, yet to a far lesser degree than a novel. While the short story is largely distinct from the novel, authors of both generally draw from a common pool of literary techniques.7. ESSAY is generally scholarly pieces of writing giving the authors own argument, but the definition is vague, overlapping with those of an article, a pamphlet and a short story. Essays can consist of a number of elements, including literary criticism, governmental manifestos, learned argu ments, observations of daily life, recollections, and reflections of the author.8. DECALOGUE ( EMILIO JACINTO )Bonifacio realized that in order to strengthen the katipunan, themembers had to be disciplined and indoctrinated with the ideals of the revolutionary society. In his Katungkulang Gagawin ng mga Z. Ll. B. (The Duties of the Sons of the People), Bonifacio listed down the rules of the Katipunan which constitute a decalogueI. Love God with all your heart.II. Bear always in mind that the love of God is also the love of country, and thiis, too, is love of ones fellow-men. III. rub in your heart that the unbent measure of honor and happiness is to die for the freedom of your country. IV. All your good wishes will be crowned with success if you curb serenity, constancy, reason, and faith in your acts and endeavor. V. Guard the mandates and aims of the K.K.K. as you guard your honor. VI. It is the duty of all to deliver, at the risk of their own lives and wealth, anyone who runs great risks in the performance of his duty. VII. Our responsibility to ourselves and the performance of our duties will be the example set for our fellow-men to follow. VIII. Insofar as it is within your power, share your means with the poor and the unfortunate. IX. Diligence in the work that gives sustenance to you is the true basis of love love for your own self, for your wife and children, and for your brothers and countrymen. X. Punish any scoundrel and traitor and praise all good work. Believe, likewise, that the aims of the K.K.K. are God-given for the will of the slew is also the will of God.9. SEMI AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL NOVELAn autobiographical novel is a form of novel using autofiction techniques, or the merging of autobiographical and mistaken elements. The literary technique is distinguished from an autobiography or memoir by the stipulation of being fiction. Because an autobiographical novel is partially fiction, the author does not demand the reader to expect the text to fulfill the autobiographical pact.1 Names and locations are often changed and events are recreated to make them more dramatic but the story still bears a close resemblance to that of the authors life. While the events of the authors life are recounted, there is no pretense of take on truth. Events may be exaggerated or altered for artistic or thematic purposes.Novels that portray settings and/or situations with which the author is familiar are not unavoidably autobiographical. Neither are novels that include aspects drawn from the authors life as minor plot details. To be considered an autobiographical novel by most standards, there must be a protagonist modeled after the author and a central plotline that mirrors events in his or her life. Novels that do not amply meet these requirements or are further distanced from true events are sometimes called semi-autobiographical novels. Many novels about intense, private experiences such as war, family conflict or sex, are written as au tobiographical novels10. DIMASALANGJose Rizal used the penname Laong Laan in the 1890s when he wrote poems and articles for La Solidaridad, then the Propaganda Movements strongest voice. Literally translated it means reserved for a long time and figuratively it means laging handa or ever ready. Dimasalang was the anonym of Jose Rizal that he adopted when he entered Freemasonry in 1883. He widely used this pseudonym in his articles in 1990s. Literally hin di masalang means untouchable in Taal Tagalog.